By the time the Government takes a decision on this matter, it would be a political battle. Battle between those who say it will help the customers and those who will claim that this will destroy the country. Articles and blogs apart, TV studios will be filled with farm activist and pro consumer groups. Depending on whether the debate is at the JNU or IIM you will hear voices that claim to speak for us. Somewhere amongst all this are my thoughts.
For starters, retail is way beyond Walmart. Constant talk of Walmart, Tesco and Carrefour. To constantly talk about them in the same breath as retail reminds me of my days in school when everybody spoke of Engineering as the only career option. It seems all the regulations around FDI in this sector will be made keeping in mind these Big 3 giants ignoring the facts that there are equally large players in the non-food sector like Best Buy, Footlocker, Barnes & Noble etc.
So whats the big deal about FDI in retail ? Over the years, India has permitted foreign investment in most sectors but has chosen to keep retail out of bound. The fear was that large retailers will flood India with cheaper imports. Also, there was a strong feeling that these retailers through sheer size, capital and managerial strength will dislodge the home grown retailers who have established business over the past many years. The fear is not unfounded, given that retail is the second largest employer in the country. However, over the years a few things changed, that should make this decision much easier for Govt to take. Firstly, opening up of other sectors like Telecom, Banking, Insurance etc ensured that the common man on the street for the first time had a choice of vendors or service providers from whom to choose from. Suddenly, buying an insurance policy meant more than just meeting your LIC Agent. The Indian consumer finally had a chance to compare, on the basis of price, quality of product and service and assurance of being served by companies and brands that had done it the world over.
Secondly, Indian companies realised the value of retailing products and services. The age old public sector banks suddenly gave way to air conditioned Private sector banks. ATMs mushroomed all over the country. Time was when you went to the DOT office and applied for a landline. DOT transformed into BSNL, and private mobile companies set up stores where you could walk in and buy a mobile connection. Suddenly every brand wanted to set up retail outlets and